67 Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs

Syn: D. spinulosa Watt

This widespread species occurs in Eurasia and N. America. Thus, it belongs to the amphi-atlantic plants (Hultén, Amphi-atl., p. 174 and map 155). Cf. also Meusel et al. 1965, map p. 18. In eastern and central N. America there are closely related taxa, for instance D. intermedia (Muhl.) Watt. (also, as subspecies or variety of D. carthusiana).