630 Quercus robur L.

This species is almost totally restricted to Europe. In parts of the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas the subsp. brutia (Ten.) 0. Schwarz occurs besides subsp. robur. Introgression exists between Q. robur and Q. petraea. Q. robur is cultivated and often naturalized in many places, even in the southern hemisphere. Cf. also Meusel et al. 1965, map p. 121.