Atlas of North European vascular plants
Hultén & Fries 1986
1498 Gentiana verna L.
This polymorphic species has a disjunct distribution from W. Europe and NW. Africa to C. Asia. Several subspecies (or closely related species according to Fl. U SSR 18) are distinguished, which are more or less geographically well-defined, for instance subsp. verna in C. and S. Europe, subsp. pontica (Soltok) Hayek from Greece to Iran, subsp. tergestina (G. Beck) Hayek mainly in the Balkans and Italy, G. angulosa Kusn. and G. oschtenica Kusn. in Caucasus, G. arctica Grossh. (more likely a form of subsp. verna) in the British Isles and N. Russia and G. krylovii Grossh. in C. Asia. Cf. also Meusel et al. 1978, map p. 353.